Ko te coccidiosis rapeti he mate puta noa na te kotahi neke atu ranei o nga momo 16 o te puninga apicomplexan.Eimeria stiedae.^1–4Ko nga tohu haumanu whaanui o te mate ko te puhoi, te iti o te kai kai, te korere, te paura ranei, te whakanui ake o te ate, te ascites, te icterus, te toronga o te puku, me te mate.³Ko te coccidiosis i roto i nga rapeti ka taea te aukati me te rongoa ma te whakamahi raau taero.^1,3,5,6Toltrazuril (Tol), 1-[3-methyl-4-(4-trifluoromethylsulfanyl-phenoxy)-phenyl]-3-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2,4,6-trione (Whakaahua 1), he pūhui triazinetrione hangarite e whakamahia whānuitia ana ki te aukati me te patu i te coccidiosis.^7–10Heoi, na te ngoikoretanga o te wairewa, he uaua ki te ngongo a Tol e te kopa gastrointestinal (GI). Ko nga hua haumanu o Tol kua whakahekehia na te mea he memehatanga i roto i te waahanga GI.

Whakaatu 1 Hanganga matū o toltrazuril.

Ko te ngoikore o te wairewa o Tol kua hinga i etahi tikanga, penei i te whakamararatanga totoka, te mana ultrafine, me te nanoemulsion.^11–13I te mea ko nga tikanga tino whai hua i tenei wa mo te whakanui ake i te whakarewatanga, ko te whakamararatanga totoka o Tol i piki noa te whakarewatanga o Tol ki te 2,000 nga wa,¹¹e tohu ana me tino whakanuia tona whakarewatanga ma etahi atu tikanga. I tua atu, ko te whakamararatanga totoka me te nanoemulsion kaore i te pumau me te ngawari ki te penapena, engari ko te mana ultrafine e hiahia ana ki nga taputapu maamaa hei whakaputa.

Ko te β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) kei te whakamahia whanui na te mea ko te rahi o te kohao ahurei, te pai o te whakahiatotanga o te tarukino, me te whakarei ake i te pumau o te tarukino, te whakarewatanga, me te waatea o te koiora.^14,15Mo tona mana whakahaere, kua whakarārangihia te β-CD ki te maha o nga puna rongoa, tae atu ki te US Pharmacopoeia/National Formulary, European Pharmacopoeia, me Japanese Pharmaceutical Codex.^16,17Ko te Hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD) he pärönaki hydroxyalkyl β-CD e tino rangahaua ana i roto i te matatini whakauru tarukino na te kaha o te whakauru me te nui o te wairewa wai.^18–21Ko nga rangahau toxicologic kua korero mo te haumarutanga o te HP-β-CD i roto i nga whakahaere a-waha me te waha ki te tinana o te tangata,²²me te HP-β-CD kua whakamahia i roto i nga hanganga haumanu ki te hinga i nga take ngoikore me te whakarei ake i te koiora.²³

Ehara i nga raau taero katoa he taonga hei hanga matatini ki te HP-β-CD. I kitea i a Tol nga taonga i runga i te maha o nga mahi rangahau tirotiro. Hei whakanui ake i te wairewa me te koiora o Tol ma te whakauru i te hanganga matatini ki te HP-β-CD, toltrazuril-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin whakauru matatini (Tol-HP-β-CD) i whakaritea e te tikanga whakaoho-whakarewa i roto i tenei rangahau, me te kikokore. -paparanga chromatography (TLC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy i whakamahia hei tohu. te Tol-HP-β-CD i whiwhi. Ko nga korero rongoa o Tol me Tol-HP-β-CD i roto i nga rapeti i muri i te whakahaere a-waha ka whakatauritehia i roto i te vivo.