Kwa zaka makumi awiri, albendazole yaperekedwa ku pulogalamu yayikulu yochizira matenda a lymphatic filariasis. Ndemanga yaposachedwa ya Cochrane idawunikira mphamvu ya albendazole pochiza ma lymphatic filariasis.
Lymphatic filariasis ndi matenda omwe amapezeka m'madera otentha komanso otentha, omwe amafalitsidwa ndi udzudzu ndipo amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a parasitic filariasis. Pambuyo pa matenda, mphutsi zimakula kukhala zazikulu ndi kukwatirana kupanga microfilariae (MF). Kenako udzudzu umanyamula MF uku ukudya magazi, ndipo matendawa amatha kupatsira munthu wina.
Matendawa amatha kupezeka poyesa MF (microfilamentemia) kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (antigenemia) kapena pozindikira mphutsi zachikulire pogwiritsa ntchito ultrasonography.
Bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) limalimbikitsa kuti anthu ambiri azilandira chithandizo chamankhwala chaka chilichonse kwa zaka zosachepera zisanu. Maziko a mankhwala ndi osakaniza awiri mankhwala: albendazole ndi microfilaricidal (antifilariasis) mankhwala diethylcarmazine (DEC) kapena ivermectin.
Albendazole yekha akulimbikitsidwa ntchito theka-pachaka m'madera kumene Roa matenda ndi co-endemic, kumene DEC kapena ivermectin sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha chiopsezo mavuto aakulu.
Onse ivermectin ndi DEC adachotsa matenda a MF mwachangu ndikuletsa kuyambiranso. Komabe, kupanga kwa MF kuyambiranso chifukwa chosawoneka bwino mwa akulu. Albendazole ankaganiziridwa kuti azichiza lymphatic filariasis pambuyo pa kafukufuku wosonyeza kuti mlingo waukulu woperekedwa kwa milungu ingapo unadzetsa mavuto aakulu osonyeza imfa ya nyongolotsi zazikulu.
Kukambitsirana kosakhazikika kwa WHO kunawonetsa kuti albendazole ili ndi ntchito yopha kapena yophera mphutsi zazikulu. Mu 2000, GlaxoSmithKline idayamba kupereka albendazole kumapulojekiti ochizira matenda a lymphatic filariasis.
Mayesero achipatala osasinthika (RCTs) apenda mphamvu ndi chitetezo cha albendazole yekha kapena kuphatikiza ndi ivermectin kapena DEC. Pambuyo pake, pakhala pali ndemanga zambiri zowonongeka za mayesero oyendetsedwa mwachisawawa ndi deta yowonera, koma sizikudziwika ngati albendazole ili ndi phindu lililonse mu filariasis ya mitsempha.
Poganizira izi, ndemanga ya Cochrane yofalitsidwa mu 2005 yasinthidwa kuti awone momwe albendazole imakhudzira odwala ndi madera omwe ali ndi lymphatic filariasis.
Ndemanga za Cochrane ndi zowunikira mwadongosolo zomwe zimafuna kuzindikira, kuyesa, ndi kufotokoza mwachidule maumboni onse ovomerezeka omwe amakwaniritsa zomwe zidakonzedweratu kuti ayankhe funso lofufuza. Ndemanga za Cochrane zimasinthidwa pomwe deta yatsopano ikupezeka.
Njira ya Cochrane imachepetsa kukondera pakuwunikanso. Izi zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowunika kuopsa kwa tsankho m'mayesero aumwini ndikuwunika kutsimikizika (kapena khalidwe) la umboni pa zotsatira zilizonse.
Ndemanga yosinthidwa ya Cochrane "Albendazole yokha kapena yophatikiza ndi ma microfilaricidal agents mu lymphatic filariasis" idasindikizidwa mu Januware 2019 ndi Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group ndi COUNTDOWN Consortium.
Zotsatira zochititsa chidwi ndi monga kuthekera kofalitsira (kuchuluka kwa MF ndi kuchuluka kwake), zolembera za matenda a nyongolotsi zazikulu (kuchuluka kwa antigenemia ndi kuchulukana, ndi kuzindikira kwa mphutsi zazikulu), ndi kuyeza kwa zochitika zoyipa.
Olembawo anayesa kugwiritsa ntchito kufufuza pakompyuta kuti apeze mayesero onse oyenerera mpaka Januwale 2018, mosasamala kanthu za chinenero kapena zofalitsa. Olemba awiri adayesa pawokha maphunziro kuti aphatikizidwe, kuwunika kuopsa kwa tsankho, ndikuchotsa deta yoyeserera.
Kuwunikaku kunaphatikizapo mayesero a 13 ndi okwana 8713. Kusanthula kwa meta kwa kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zotsatira zake kunachitika kuti ayese zotsatira za mankhwala. Konzani matebulo kuti muwunike zotsatira za kachulukidwe ka tiziromboti, chifukwa kuperewera kwa malipoti kumatanthauza kuti deta siyingaphatikizidwe.
Olembawo adapeza kuti albendazole yekha kapena kuphatikiza ndi ma microfilaricides analibe mphamvu zochepa pa kufalikira kwa MF pakati pa masabata awiri ndi miyezi 12 pambuyo pa chithandizo (umboni wapamwamba).
Iwo sanadziwe ngati pali zotsatira pa mf kachulukidwe pa miyezi 1-6 (umboni wochepa kwambiri) kapena pa miyezi 12 (umboni wochepa kwambiri).
Albendazole yekha kapena kuphatikiza ndi microfilaricides analibe mphamvu zochepa pa kufalikira kwa antigenemia kwa miyezi 6-12 (umboni wapamwamba).
Olembawo sanadziwe ngati pali zotsatira za antigen kachulukidwe pakati pa 6 ndi 12 miyezi ya zaka (umboni wochepa kwambiri). Albendazole anawonjezera kwa microfilaricides mwina analibe mphamvu zochepa pa kuchuluka kwa nyongolotsi zazikulu zomwe zimazindikiridwa ndi ultrasound pa miyezi 12 (umboni wochepa wotsimikizika).
Pogwiritsidwa ntchito payekha kapena kuphatikiza, albendazole analibe mphamvu zochepa pa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amafotokoza zochitika zoipa (umboni wapamwamba).
Ndemangayo inapeza umboni wokwanira kuti albendazole, yekha kapena kuphatikiza ndi microfilaricides, ali ndi mphamvu zochepa kapena alibe mphamvu pa kuthetseratu microfilariae kapena helminths wamkulu mkati mwa miyezi 12 ya chithandizo.
Popeza kuti mankhwalawa ndi mbali ya ndondomeko yodziwika bwino, komanso kuti World Health Organization tsopano imalimbikitsanso mankhwala atatu a mankhwala, sizingatheke kuti ochita kafukufuku apitirize kuyesa albendazole pamodzi ndi DEC kapena ivermectin.
Komabe, m'madera omwe amapezeka kwa Roa, albendazole yokha ndiyomwe ikulimbikitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, kumvetsetsa ngati mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito m'maderawa amakhalabe patsogolo pakufufuza.
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta filariatic tokhala ndi nthawi yayifupi yogwiritsira ntchito titha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu pamapulogalamu othetsa filariasis. Mmodzi mwa mankhwalawa pakali pano ali mu chitukuko cha preclinical ndipo adasindikizidwa posachedwa BugBitten blog.
Mukapitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito tsambali, mukuvomera Migwirizano Yathu Yogwiritsa Ntchito, Malangizo a Pagulu, Zinsinsi Zazinsinsi ndi Mfundo Zakuke.